A questionnaire is a well-formatted set of questions for eliciting information or feedback. Although the questionnaire generally is associated with survey research, it is also frequently the measurement instrument in experimental designs as well.
The questionnaire has several functions or objectives. It’s the package that presents the questions and later contains the record of responses from respondents. The first section of questionnaire introduces the survey to the respondent. The internal section contains the items and scales to measure the survey topics, in a logical and necessary sequence. The final section ordinarily has questions to measure the respondents’ characteristics, so they can be grouped and compared. The questionnaire also includes several other elements that facilitate data handling and reporting roll-up criteria.
A questionnaire, whether it is called a schedule, interview form, or measuring instrument, is only one element of a data collection package that might also include (1) field work procedures, such as instructions for selecting, approaching, and questioning respondents, (2) some reward, gift, or payment offered to respondents, and (3) communication aids, such as maps, pictures, product, and advertisements. Regardless of the form of administration, a questionnaire is characterized by some specific objectives.
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